This report is for a family genetics
project. In this project I was to make charts of my family and figure
out the phenotype and genotype express by the information showed. I
did tree charts explaining
eye color,
hair color, and de-tach or attached
ear lobes. These charts are designed to explain
how people get there eye color, hair color, and ear lobes. There are
only three generations on these charts the first being my grandparents, the
second is where my parents would be and also my aunts and uncles, and the
third is where my siblings would be and my cousins. If you looked at
the charts you would know that there are squares, circles, and a little X,
the squares mean that is a male person and the circles mean that is
a female person and the X is where I would be on the family tree, you would
also notice numbers in some of the squares and circles which is to help explain
which family member I could be talking about. An example would be if
I said: My 1st paternal cousin has brown hair, so you would look on the paternal
side and look for the generation where my cousin would be and look for a
number one.
In each chart there are dominate traits and recessive
traits. In my ear lobe chart the de-tached ear lobes would be dominate
over the attached ear lobes. Attached ears are the recessive trait,
there are 37 people total in my family trees and in my ear lobe charts 22
people have the dominate trait (de-tached ear lobes) and 15 people have the
recessive trait (attached ear lobes). I used the color brown to represent
de-tached ear lobes and used the color black to represent attached ear lobes.
In my eye color chart there are 13 brown colored eyes, brown
are dominate but green eye colors are also 13. Green colored eyes are
then in the middle of the dominate trait (brown) and the recessive trait
(blue). There are 10 blue colored eyes in this chart. I used
the same color of the eyes to fill in the squares and circles. In my
hair color chart there are 21 brown hair people which is the dominate trait
of hair color. There are 8 black hair people and 8 blond hair people
so I made blond the recessive trait for hair putting black hair in the middle.
If you looked at the chart you would notice that there are alot of
brown hair people on the maternal side of my family.
In these three charts you would have noticed there are
letter b's under each family member. BB, Bb, or bb in my ear lobe chart
explain the genotypes of the dominate, recessive, and the middle traits of
de-tached and attached. both BB would be de-tached which is dominate,
but de-tached ear lobes can also be Bb which is the middle and bb represents
attached which is recessive. If you look at my ear lobe chart and look
at my paternal grandparents you would notice my paternal grandpa has de-tached
ear lobes but his genotype is Bb and not BB. why? Because he has children
with the recessive trait (attached ears). For a child to get its genotype
it gets one trait from a parent (one letter b/B). My paternal grandma
has attached ears so her genotype is bb meaning my paternal grandpa has to
have a genotype of Bb for him to have children with attached ear lobes which
he did. My paternal aunt 4, paternal uncle 2, paternal uncle 1, and
my maternal uncle 1 all have the recessive trait (attached ear lobes).
The eye colored chart has three different possibilities,
brown eyes which is the dominate trait can be BB or Bb, green eyes which
is the middle trait is Bb, and blue eyes which is the recessive trait and
is bb. In my eye color chart my maternal grandparents both have brown
eyes and their genotypes are both Bb. This is because they have a green
eye child which is the middle trait and needs Bb to be green. That
is why both my maternal grandparents cannot have BB because you need a b
from one parent and another B from the other to make green eyes. One
of my grandparents could have both BB but the other would have to be Bb.
Another example would be the offspring of my maternal uncle 1 and my
maternal aunt 1. Each one of their children have a different color
of eyes. My maternal cousin 1 has blue eyes from two little bb's from
his parents, my maternal cousin 2 has brown eyes and could have BB or Bb,
and my maternal cousin 3 has green eyes and has Bb.
The hair colored chart also has three different possibilities,
brown hair color which is the dominate trait for this chart can be BB or
Bb, black hair color which is the middle trait and is Bb, and blond hair
color which is the recessive trait and is bb. For a example my maternal
uncle 2 (who has brown hair) and maternal aunt 2 (who has blond hair) have
all offspring of brown hair children which genotypes are Bb. Another
example would be my paternal uncle 2 (who has blond hair) and paternal aunt
1 (who has black hair) have a mixture of different hair colors. My
paternal cousin 1 has brown hair getting the B from her mother and a b from
her father. My paternal cousin 2 has blond hair which is the recessive
trait gets a b from each one of her parents. My paternal cousin 3 also
has brown hair and gets a B from her mother and a b from her father. And
my paternal cousin 4 has black hair and gets a B from her mother and a b
from her father.
The rest of the student's families ear lobe and eye color
were also added together into one big date sheet. The overall data
showed that the ear lobes in all the families that de-tached ears was the
double of attached ear lobes. Seeing how de-tached ear lobes are the
dominate trait I would think that this matches with my family. The
eye color's of all the families showed that the brown eye color was dominate
which mine was also except my green eyes had the same amount as the brown,
but the blue eye color was recessive in all the other families as well. The
hair color was a extra thing I did on this project so I don't know the outcome
of the hair color in all the families.
